home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- HEALTH, Page 56COVER STORIESThe FDA's Next Target: Drugs
-
-
-
- The report, aired on a local news program in Detroit this
- spring, trumpeted the success of the drug Xanax in treating
- panic attacks. Former Houston Oiler Earl Campbell appeared in
- the segment and poignantly described his battle with the
- psychiatric disorder. A useful little news spot? Actually, it
- was more of a commercial. Upjohn, which manufactures Xanax,
- produced the video segment, paid Campbell for his performance
- and sent the tape ready-made to TV stations around the U.S. as
- part of a campaign to peddle its product.
-
- Traditionally, ads for prescription drugs were pitched
- only to doctors, primarily in medical journals. But as
- competition for market share intensifies, more drugmakers are
- doing as Upjohn did, crossing the once inviolable line and
- appealing directly to patients. This high-powered approach,
- combined with some questionable marketing practices, has
- provoked the ire of FDA chief David Kessler. "Promotional
- practices, to be blunt, have got out of hand," he recently told
- drug-industry lobbyists.
-
- To underscore the pitfalls of direct-to-consumer
- advertising, Kessler points to an ad for Actigall, a medication
- for gallstones. The ad, which ran in newspapers and magazines
- around the U.S., suggests that the Ciba-Geigy product is a good
- alternative to surgery. Kessler objects because surgery is the
- preferred treatment in most cases. Though many people find the
- drug ads helpful, doctors share Kessler's concern. "The consumer
- can take a little bit of information and come to the exact
- opposite conclusion that he should," says the American Medical
- Association's Dr. M. Roy Schwarz.
-
- Physicians are leerier about another of Kessler's
- campaigns: restricting the promotion of drugs for purposes other
- than those explicitly approved by the FDA. Such "off-label"
- prescribing is surprisingly common in the U.S. About one-quarter
- of the 1.6 billion prescriptions written each year are for
- unapproved purposes. In the mid-1980s some drug-company
- salespeople began encouraging such uses, a practice Kessler
- views as dangerous.
-
-
- In one regrettable example, drugs called calcium channel
- blockers were touted as a treatment for heart attacks, though
- they had been approved only for hypertension and angina. Later,
- researchers found that some heart-attack patients faced an
- increased death risk after taking the drug.
-
- To counter promotional abuses, Kessler is doubling his
- advertising-enforcement staff and plans to release stricter
- drug-marketing guidelines by year's end. But doctors fear that
- a clampdown could actually impede the flow of medical
- information. Cancer specialists in particular rely on drug
- companies to help inform them about experimental uses of drugs.
- "The reality is that this is the way oncologists get educated,"
- says Dr. Robert Young, director of the Fox Chase Cancer Center.
- "If you start denying that information to doctors, then people
- are going to die."
-
- Clearly, the pharmaceutical industry is suffering from a
- bad case of hucksterism. But policing the complex world of drug
- promotion will be a tougher job for the FDA than wiping the
- FRESH label off a carton of orange juice.
-
- By Andrew Purvis. With reporting by Anne E. West/Washington
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-